Editing 1758 (section)

== Events ==
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=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 1]] &ndash; Swedish biologist [[Carl Linnaeus]] (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'']], the starting point of modern [[zoological nomenclature]], introducing [[binomial nomenclature]] for animals to his established system of [[Linnaean taxonomy]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Niles|last=Eldredge|author-link=Niles Eldredge|title=Life on Earth: A-G|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2002|pages=477–478}}</ref> Among the first examples of his system of identifying an organism by genus and then species, Linnaeus identifies the [[lamprey]] with the name ''Petromyzon marinus''.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Use of Numerals for Specific Names in Systematic Zoology|first=David Starr|last=Jordan|journal=Science|date=1911-03-10|volume=33|issue=845|page=372|doi=10.1126/science.33.845.370-a|pmid=17799876}}</ref> He introduces the term ''[[Homo sapiens]]''. (Date of January 1 assigned retrospectively.)<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted-sites/iczn/code/index.jsp?article=3&nfv=true|chapter=Article 3|title=International Code of Zoological Nomenclature|author=International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature|author-link=International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature|edition=4th|isbn=0-85301-006-4|year=1999|publisher=International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, c/o Natural History Museum }}</ref>
* [[January 20]] &ndash; At [[Cap-Haïtien]] in [[Haiti]], former slave turned rebel [[François Mackandal]] is executed by the French colonial government by being burned at the stake.<ref>Shelby T. McCloy, ''The Negro in the French West Indies'' (University Press of Kentucky, 2015) p40</ref>
* [[January 22]] &ndash; [[Russia]]n troops under the command of [[William Fermor]] invade East [[Prussia]] and capture [[Königsberg]] with 34,000 soldiers; although the city is later abandoned by Russia after the Seven Years' War ends, the city again comes under Russian control in 1945 during World War II and is now named [[Kaliningrad]].<ref>Herbert J. Redman, ''Frederick the Great and the Seven Years’ War, 1756–1763'' (McFarland, 2015) p191</ref>
* [[February 22]] &ndash; A fleet of 158 British Royal Navy warships, under the command of Admiral [[Edward Boscawen]], departs from [[Plymouth]] toward North America in an effort to conquer the French Canadian territories of [[New France]].  Many of the sailors die of nutritional deficiencies along the way, including the [[scurvy]] that kills 26 of the crew of [[HMS Pembroke (1757)|HMS ''Pembroke'']], captained by future world explorer [[James Cook]] on his first long voyage.<ref>Stephen Feinstein, ''Captain Cook: Great Explorer of the Pacific'' (Enslow Publishers, 2010) p28</ref>
* [[February 23]] &ndash; [[Jonathan Edwards (theologian)|Jonathan Edwards]], the famed English theologian who had assumed the presidency of what is now [[Princeton University]] only a week earlier, sets an example for students and faculty by publicly receiving an [[inoculation]] against [[smallpox]].<ref>"Edwards, Jonathan", by Douglas A. Sweeney, in ''Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States'' (Rowman & Littlefield, 2016) p770</ref> Unfortunately, the vaccine contains live smallpox; Edwards develops the disease and dies on March 22 at the age of 54.  
* [[March 16]] &ndash; Members of the [[Comanche]] Nation loot and destroy the Spanish [[Mission Santa Cruz de San Sabá]] (near modern-day [[Menard, Texas]]) and kill eight of the people there, including the mission leader, Father Alonso Giraldo de Terreros.<ref>Donald E. Chipman and Harriet Denise Joseph, ''Explorers and Settlers of Spanish Texas''  (University of Texas Press, 2010)</ref>

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 29]] &ndash; [[Battle of Cuddalore (1758)|Battle of Cuddalore]]: A British fleet under [[George Pocock|Sir George Pocock]] engages the French fleet of [[Anne Antoine, Comte d'Aché]] indecisively near [[Madras]].
* [[May 21]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]] &ndash; [[French and Indian War]]: [[Mary Campbell (colonial settler)|Mary Campbell]] is abducted from her home in [[Pennsylvania]] by members of the [[Lenape]] Nation.
* [[June 8]] &ndash; Seven Years' War &ndash; French and Indian War: [[Siege of Louisbourg (1758)|Siege of Louisbourg]]: [[James Wolfe]]'s attack at [[Louisbourg, Nova Scotia]], commences.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyorb.com/events/date/1758 |title=Historical Events for Year 1758 &#124; OnThisDay.com |website=Historyorb.com |access-date=2016-06-25}}</ref>
[[File:Schlacht-bei-krefeld.jpg|thumb|right|[[June 23]]: [[Battle of Krefeld]]]]
* [[June 9]]&ndash;[[June 10|10]] &ndash; Spanish-Barbary Wars &ndash; [[Battle of Cape Palos (1758)|Battle of Cape Palos]]: a Spanish squadron of three ships of the line defeats a Barbary squadron made up of a ship of the line and a frigate.
* [[June 23]] &ndash; Seven Years' War &ndash; [[Battle of Krefeld]]: Anglo-Hanoverian forces under [[Ferdinand of Brunswick]] defeat the French.
* [[June 30]] &ndash; Seven Years' War &ndash; [[Battle of Domstadtl]]: Austrian forces under [[Ernst Gideon von Laudon]] and Joseph von Siskovits rout an enormous convoy with supplies for the [[Prussia]]n army, guarded by strong troops of [[Hans Joachim von Zieten]].

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 6]] 
** [[Pope Clement XIII]] succeeds [[Pope Benedict XIV]], as the 248th [[pope]].
** [[Seven Years' War]] &ndash; [[Battle of Bernetz Brook]]: British troops defeat the French.
* [[July 8]] &ndash; Seven Years' War: French and Indian War: French forces hold [[Fort Carillon]] against the British at [[Ticonderoga, New York]].
* [[July 25]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]] &ndash; French and Indian War: The island battery at [[Fortress Louisbourg]] is silenced, and all French warships are destroyed or taken.
* [[August 3]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]] &ndash; [[Battle of Negapatam (1758)|Battle of Negapatam]]: Off the coast of India, Admiral Pocock again engages d'Aché's French fleet, this time with more success.
[[File:Friedrich II in der Schlacht bei Zorndorf Copy after Carl Röchling.jpg|thumb|right|[[August 25]]: [[Battle of Zorndorf]]]]
* [[August 25]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]] &ndash; [[Battle of Zorndorf]]: Frederick halts the [[Russian Empire|Russian]] army of Count Wilhelm Fermor near the [[Oder]].
* [[August 27]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]] &ndash; British troops under the command of Colonel [[John Bradstreet]] capture [[Fort Frontenac]] (near the site of what is now [[Kingston, Ontario]]) from the French.<ref>Gordon Carruth, ed., The Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates 3rd Edition (Thomas Y. Crowell, 1962) p72</ref>
* [[September 3]] &ndash; [[Távora affair]]: [[Joseph I of Portugal]] survives an assassination attempt.
* [[September 14]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]] &ndash; French and Indian War: [[Battle of Fort Duquesne]]: A British attack on [[Fort Duquesne]] (modern-day [[Pittsburgh]]) is defeated.
[[File:Menzelhochkirch.jpg|thumb|right|[[October 14]]: [[Battle of Hochkirch]]]]

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 14]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]]: [[Battle of Hochkirch]]: Frederick loses a hard-fought battle against the Austrians under Marshal [[Count Leopold Joseph von Daun|Leopold von Daun]], who besieges [[Dresden]].
* [[November 25]] &ndash; [[Seven Years' War]]: French and Indian War: French forces abandon [[Fort Duquesne]] to the British, who then name the area [[Pittsburgh]]. 
* [[December 13]] &ndash; The ship ''[[Duke William (ship)|Duke William]]'' sinks in the North Atlantic, with the loss of over 360 lives, while deporting [[Acadians]] from [[Prince Edward Island]] to France.
* [[December 25]] &ndash; [[Halley's Comet]] is sighted by [[Johann Georg Palitzsch]], confirming [[Edmund Halley]]'s 1705 prediction of its periodicity.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Messier's "Notes on my comets"|url=http://www.messier.seds.org/xtra/history/notes-c.html|quote=It was discovered, [...] at Aprohlis, near Dresden, by a farmer named Palitzsch, on the 25th of December 1758[...]}}</ref>

=== Date unknown ===
* The French build the first European settlement in what becomes [[Erie County, New York]], at the mouth of [[Buffalo River (New York)|Buffalo Creek]].
* [[Rudjer Boscovich]] publishes his [[atomic theory]], in {{lang|la|Theoria philosophiae naturalis redacta ad unicam legem virium in nalura existentium}}.
* A fire destroys parts of [[Oslo|Christiania]], [[Norway]].

* Marquis Gabriel de Lernay, a French officer captured during the Seven Years' War, establishes a military lodge in Berlin, with the help of Baron de Printzen, master of The Three Globes Lodge at Berlin, and Philipp Samuel Rosa, a disgraced former pastor.
* Okadaya (岡田屋), predecessor of [[AEON (company)|AEON]], a multiple [[Retailer|retailer group]], founded in [[Yokkaichi]], [[Japan]].{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* J. R. Geigy, predecessor of [[Novartis]], a global [[pharmaceutical]] brand, founded in [[Basel]], [[Switzerland]].<ref name="JR Geigy">{{cite web |title=J R Geigy SA |url=https://collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/people/cp42177/j-r-geigy-sa-sa |website=Science Museum Group |publisher=Science Museum Group |access-date=March 6, 2025}}</ref>
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