Editing 1715 (section)

== Events ==
[[File:Breech loading firearm belonged to Philip V of Spain by A Tienza Madrid circa 1715.jpg|thumb|Breech-loading firearm that belonged to [[Philip V of Spain]], made by A. Tienza, [[Madrid]] circa 1715.]]
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For dates within Great Britain and the [[British Empire]], as well as in the [[Russian Empire]], the "old style" [[Julian calendar]] was used in 1715, and can be converted to the "new style" [[Gregorian calendar]] (adopted in the British Empire in 1752 and in Russia in 1923) by adding 11 days.

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 13]] &ndash; A fire in London, described by some as the worst since the [[Great Fire of London]] (1666) almost 50 years earlier, starts on [[Thames Street, London|Thames Street]] when fireworks prematurely explode "in the house of Mr. Walker, an oil man"; more than 100 houses are consumed in the blaze, which continues over to [[Great Tower Street|Tower Street]] before it is controlled.<ref>"Fires, Great", in ''The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance'', Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p48-49</ref> 
* [[January 22]] &ndash; [[1715 British general election|Voting begins for the British House of Commons]] and continues for the next 46 days in different constituencies on different days.
* [[February 11]] &ndash; [[Tuscarora War]]: The Tuscarora and their allies sign a peace treaty with the [[Province of North Carolina]], and agree to move to a reservation near [[Lake Mattamuskeet]], effectively ending the Tuscarora War.  Large numbers of Tuscarora subsequently move to New York.
* [[March 9]] &ndash; [[1715 British general election|Voting for the British House of Commons]] concludes, with the liberal [[Whig Junto|Whig Party]] winning 341 of the 558 seats, and reducing the conservative Tory Party share to 217 seats.  [[Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington|Spencer Compton]], the Earl of Wilmington, becomes the Speaker of the House of Commons.
* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[James Francis Edward Stuart|James Stuart]], the "Old Pretender" attempting to restore the House of Stuart to control of Great Britain as King James III of England and James VIII of Scotland, meets with Pope Clement XI for the assistance of the Roman Catholic Church in the [[Jacobite rising of 1715|Jacobite rising]].
* [[March 27]] &ndash; [[Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke]], flees from Great Britain to France. His part in secret negotiations with France, leading to the [[Treaty of Utrecht]], has cast suspicion on him in the eyes of the [[Whigs (British political party)|Whig]] government of Britain. He becomes secretary of state to the [[Pretender]], [[James Francis Edward Stuart|James Edward Stuart]].<ref name="Cassell's Chronology294295">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/294|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/294 294–295]}}</ref>

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 1]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Gurdas Nangal]] begins during the Mughal-Sikh Wars in [[India]], as the Mughal Army begins an eight-month siege of a fortress near [[Gurdaspur]] (in what is now the Punjab state), where Sikh General [[Banda Singh Bahadur]] and 1,250 of his men have fled.  The siege ends on December 7 when the 750 survivors, including Banda Singh, are captured.  By June 1716, most of the Sikh prisoners have been tortured, killed and executed, with Banda Singh dying on June 9.
* [[April 15]] &ndash; In the British colonial [[Province of South Carolina]], the [[Yamasee]] Confederation launches an attack on English settlements in disputed territory on [[Good Friday]], launching the two-year long [[Yamasee War]].  The day before, agents [[Thomas Nairne]], William Bray and Samuel Warner had participated in peace negotiations with the Yamasee at [[Pocotaligo, South Carolina|Pocotaligo]]. <ref>[https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/yamassee-war/ "Yamassee War"], by Michael P. Morris, online ''South Carolina Encyclopedia'' (University of South Carolina, 2016)</ref> Bray and Warner are killed that day, while Nairne is tortured to death and dies on April 17.
* [[April 24]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Fehmarn (1715)|Battle of Fehmarn]] takes place in the [[Baltic Sea]] as part of the [[Great Northern War]].  Ten warships of Denmark, under the command of Christian Gabel, overwhelm a force of Swedish Navy ships led by Carl Wachtmeister.  By the time the battle ends the next day, five Swedish ships and 1,626 crewmen have been captured, and another 353 killed.  The Danish navy suffers 65 deaths.  <ref>Lars Ericson Wolke, ''Sjöslag och rysshärjningar'' (''Naval Battles and Russian Ravages'') (Norstedts, 2011) p. 142.</ref>
* [[May 3]] &ndash; A total [[solar eclipse]] is seen across southern England, [[Sweden]] and Finland (the last total eclipse visible in London for almost 900 years).  English astronomer [[Edmond Halley]] (who is using the old style Julian calendar date of April 22) records the first observation noted of the phenomenon of "[[Baily's beads]]", in which higher elevations on the moon can be observed obscuring portions of the light moments before and after totality.
* [[May 28]] &ndash; [[1715 England riots|Rioting begins in England]] on the birthday of King George I as supporters of the Old Pretender, James of the House of Stuart, begin mass protesting against the rule of the House of Hanover, near [[London]] in the towns of [[Smithfield, London|Smithfield]] and [[Highgate]], and the [[Cheapside]] financial district in London.
* [[June 9]] &ndash; [[Philip V of Spain|King Philip]], ruler of the [[Kingdom of Castile]] and the [[Kingdom of Aragon]] unifies the two governments into a single state, centralizing rule of a unified [[Kingdom of Spain]].
* [[June 22]] &ndash; Tsar [[Peter I of Russia]] witnesses the attempt of 45 Dutch and English ships to enter the small harbor at [[Saint Petersburg]] and decides that additional harbors are necessary for Russia to be able import Western goods.
* [[June 29]] &ndash; Britain's [[Treason Act 1714]] takes effect, providing for forfeiture to the British Crown of property owned by any person convicted of treason in the Kingdom.  The Act remains in effect until June 24, 1718.

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 20]] &ndash; [[Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–18)]]: The [[Siege of Nauplia (1715)|fall]] of [[Nauplion]], the capital of the Venetian "[[Kingdom of the Morea]]", seals the fate of the [[Peloponnese]] Peninsula, which is soon [[Ottoman reconquest of the Morea|completely retaken]] by the Ottomans.
* [[July 24]] &ndash; [[1715 Treasure Fleet]]: A [[Spanish treasure fleet]] of 12 ships, under General Don Juan Ubilla, leaves [[Havana]], [[Cuba]] for Spain. Seven days later, 11 of them sink in a storm off the coast of [[Florida]] (some centuries later, treasure salvage is found from these wrecks).
* [[August 31]] &ndash; [[Old Dock]], [[Liverpool]], England, the world's first enclosed commercial [[wet dock]] ([[Thomas Steers]], engineer), opens.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/nof/docks/access/dock_history7.html|title=Trading Places: Old Dock History|publisher=Liverpool Museums|access-date=2008-03-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080324050020/http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/nof/docks/access/dock_history7.html |archive-date=March 24, 2008<!--Added by DASHBot-->}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=41373|title=Liverpool: The docks|work=A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 4|year=1911|pages=41–43|publisher=British History Online|access-date=2008-03-24|archive-date=May 25, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525145108/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=41373|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[September 1]] &ndash; King [[Louis XIV of France]] dies after a reign of 72 years, leaving his throne to his 5 year old great-grandson [[Louis XV of France|Louis XV]]. [[Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|Philippe d'Orléans]], the nephew of Louis XIV, serves as [[Regent]].
* [[September 6]] &ndash; The [[Jacobite rising of 1715|first major Jacobite rising]] in Scotland against the rule of King [[George I of Great Britain]] breaks out. [[John Erskine, Earl of Mar (1675–1732)|The Earl of Mar]] raises the standard of [[James Francis Edward Stuart|James Edward Stuart]], and marches on [[Edinburgh]]. James, the son of the deposed King [[James II of England|James VII]], arrives from France.
* [[September 14]] &ndash; Less than two weeks after King Louis XIV's death, [[Daniel Voysin de la Noiraye]], [[France]]'s [[Secretary of State for War (France)|Secretary of State for War]] since 1709, steps down at the request of the new regent, the Duke of Orleans.

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 2]] &ndash; During the [[Jacobite risings|rebellion in Great Britain]] by supporters of the Pretender to the Throne, [[James Francis Edward Stuart|James Stuart]], the Jacobites raid the Scottish parish of [[Burntisland]], capture an arsenal of weapons, and begin an occupation of the area on October 9 in the name of Stuart as King James VIII of Scotland.
* [[October 11]] &ndash; [[William Aislabie (governor)|William Aislabie]] resigns as the [[British East India Company]]'s administrator of [[Bombay Presidency|Bombay]] and the company's territories and is replaced at year's end by [[Charles Boone (governor)|Charles Boone]].
* [[October 12]]
**[[William Mackintosh of Borlum]], leader of the [[Jacobite rising of 1715|Jacobite rising]] against Great Britain, lands with 1,500 men in [[Scotland]] after crossing the [[Firth of Forth]] from France.
**[[Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow|Baron Onslow]] resigns as Great Britain's [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]] and is replaced by future Prime Minister [[Robert Walpole]].
* [[October 28]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Greifswald]] is signed between Russia and the Electorate of Hanover, with George I of Great Britain and Hanover agreeing to Russia's annexation of [[Swedish Ingria]] and [[Estonia]], and Hanover claiming the [[Bremen-Verden]] Swedish duchies of Bremen and Verden.
* [[November 13]] &ndash; [[Jacobite rising of 1715|Jacobite rising]] in Scotland &ndash; [[Battle of Sheriffmuir]]: The forces of the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]], led by [[John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll]], halt the Jacobite advance, although the action is inconclusive.<ref>{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=BTL17|desc=Battle of Sheriffmuir|access-date=June 20, 2020}}</ref>
* [[November 14]] &ndash; [[Battle of Preston (1715)|Battle of Preston]]: Government forces defeat the [[Jacobite rising of 1715|Jacobite]] incursion, at the conclusion of a five-day siege and action.
* [[November 15]] &ndash; The Third [[Barrier Treaty]] is signed by Britain, the [[Holy Roman Empire]] and the [[Dutch Republic]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Pocket Date Book|url=https://archive.org/details/pocketdatebooko00categoog|location=London|publisher=Chapman and Hall|first=William L. R.|last=Cates|author-link=William Leist Readwin Cates|year=1863}}</ref>
* [[November 28]] &ndash; The application of the [[Nueva Planta decrees]], in [[Mallorca]] and the other [[Balearic Islands]] (formerly under the [[Crown of Aragon]]), bring them under the laws of the [[Crown of Castile]].
* [[December 22]] &ndash; [[James Francis Edward Stuart|James Edward Stuart]] rejoins Jacobite rebels in Scotland,<ref name="Cassell's Chronology294295"/> but fails to rouse his army.

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Karlsruhe Palace]] is built, resulting in the town of [[Karlsruhe]] growing up around it.
* The ancient right to evaluate royal decrees publicly, before they are given the force of law by the [[Parlement of Paris]], is restored.
* [[Filippo Juvarra]] starts working on the previously postponed construction of the church of [[Santa Cristina, Turin|Santa Christina]] in [[Turin]].
* [[Filippo Juvarra]] starts rebuilding the church of [[San Filippo Neri, Turin]], in which the roof had collapsed, during the siege of Turin, during the [[War of the Spanish Succession]].
* Coffee is first grown in the [[Kingdom of France|French]] colony of [[Saint-Domingue]].<ref>According to ''[[Coffee: A Dark History]]''.</ref>
* Around this year, a [[Breech-loading weapon|breech loading firearm]] is made for [[Philip V of Spain]].</onlyinclude>