Editing 1701 (section)

== Events ==
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=== January&ndash;June ===
* march 8th &ndash; Parts of the Netherlands adopt the [[Gregorian calendar]].
* [[January 18]] &ndash; The [[Prince-elector|electorate]] of [[Brandenburg-Prussia]] becomes the [[Kingdom of Prussia]], as Elector Frederick III is proclaimed [[Frederick I of Prussia|King Frederick I]].  Prussia remains part of the [[Holy Roman Empire]].  It consists of [[Brandenburg]], [[Pomerania]] and [[East Prussia]].  Berlin is the capital.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyorb.com/events/date/1701 |title=Historical Events for Year 1701 &#124; OnThisDay.com |website=Historyorb.com |access-date=2016-07-05}}</ref> 
* [[January 28]] &ndash; [[Battle of Dartsedo]]: The Chinese storm the Tibetan border town of Dartsedo.
* [[February 17]] (February 6, 1700 O.S.) &ndash; The [[5th Parliament of William III]] in England assembles. Future British Prime Minister [[Robert Walpole]] enters the House of Commons for the first time and soon makes his name as a spokesman for [[Whig (British political faction)|Whig]] policy.
* April 20th &ndash; [[Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Mecklenburg-Strelitz]] is created as a north German duchy.
* June  [[March 9|9]] &ndash; [[Safavid Iran|Safavid]] troops retreat from [[Basra]], ending a [[Safavid occupation of Basra (1697–1701)|three year occupation]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | title = Iraq iv. Relations in the Safavid period | last = Matthee | first = Rudi | url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iraq-iv-safavid-period | encyclopedia  = Encyclopaedia Iranica (Vol. XIII, Fasc. 5 and Vol. XIII, Fasc. 6)  | pages = 556–561 | location = New York | year = 2006b }}</ref>

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 21]] &ndash; In Japan, the young ''[[daimyō]]'' [[Asano Naganori]] is ordered to commit [[seppuku]] (ritual suicide). A group of [[Forty-seven Ronin|47 samurai]] of his service begin planning to avenge his death.
* [[May 23]] &ndash; Scottish-born Captain [[William Kidd]], having been imprisoned in [[Boston Gaol (Massachusetts)]] and [[Newgate Prison]] (London) and convicted by the [[King's Bench Division#Admiralty Court|High Court of Admiralty]] of [[piracy]] and the murder of one of his crew, is hanged at [[Execution Dock]] in [[Wapping]] (London).<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref> His body suffers [[gibbeting]] over the [[River Thames]] at [[Tilbury]] Point; ballads are already spreading the legend that he has left [[buried treasure]] in the Americas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.davidkidd.net/Captain_Kidd_Lyrics.html|title=Captain Kidd Lyrics|date=2011-07-23|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723082022/http://www.davidkidd.net/Captain_Kidd_Lyrics.html|archive-date=2011-07-23|website=David Kidd.net|via=Wayback Machine}}</ref>
* [[June 24]] &ndash; The [[Act of Settlement 1701]] is passed by the [[Parliament of England]], to exclude the Catholic Stuarts from the British monarchy.  Under its terms, [[William III of England|King William III]], childless, will be succeeded by [[Mary II of England|Queen Mary II]]'s sister [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Princess Anne]] and her descendants.  If Anne should have no descendants, she will be succeeded by [[Sophia of Hanover]] and her descendants (hence the [[Hanoverian Succession]] in [[1714]]).

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 9]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Carpi]], the first skirmish in the [[War of the Spanish Succession]], takes place in Italy when French troops under the command of [[Nicolas Catinat]] are attacked by Austrian forces led by [[Prince Eugene of Savoy]].<ref>Dennis Showalter, ''Early Modern Wars 1500–1775'' (Amber Books Ltd., 2013)</ref>
* [[July 19]] &ndash; [[Crossing of the Düna]]: Following his victories over Denmark-Norway and Russia in [[1700]], [[Charles XII of Sweden]] escalates the conflict in the [[Great Northern War]] by an invasion of Poland. The [[Sweden|Swedish]] defeat the army of [[Electorate of Saxony|Saxony]] (then in personal union with Poland) at the [[Daugava River|River Dvina]].
[[File:Battle of Düna, 1701.png|thumb|250px|right|[[July 9]]: [[Crossing of the Düna]].]]
* [[July 24]] &ndash; A French [[Marketplace|emporium]] named [[Fort Ponchartrain]] is founded along the west side of the [[Detroit River]] in North America, and later becomes the site of the city of [[Detroit]].
* [[August 4]] &ndash; The [[Great Peace of Montreal]] is signed, ending 100 years of war between the [[Iroquois Confederacy]] and [[New France]], and its [[Wyandot people|Huron]] and [[Algonquian peoples|Algonquian]] allies. Formerly allied with the English, the treaty assures the Iroquois will be neutral, if France and England ever resume hostilities.
* [[September 16]] &ndash; Deposed King [[James II of England]] (James VII of Scotland) dies in exile, at the [[Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye]] in France. His supporters, the [[Jacobitism|Jacobites]], turn to his son [[James Francis Edward Stuart]] (later called "The Old Pretender"), whom they recognise as James VIII and III. [[Louis XIV of France]], the [[Papal States]] and Spain also recognise him as the rightful heir.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.history-page.com/en/v4/y1701 |title=What Happened in 1701; History-Page.com |website=History-page.com |access-date=2016-08-01}}</ref>

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 9]] &ndash; The Collegiate School of Connecticut (later renamed [[Yale University]]) is chartered in [[Old Saybrook, Connecticut]].
* [[November 2]] &ndash; King [[Philip V of Spain]] marries for the first time, to 13-year-old [[Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy]], who serves as Queen Consort until her death from tuberculosis at the age of 25.
* [[November 11]] (O.S., November 22 N.S.) &ndash; The [[5th Parliament of King William III|House of Commons of England]] is dissolved by [[William III of England|King William III]] and [[November 1701 English general election|new elections]] are called for all 531 seats.<ref name=Ridgway>A.M. Sullivan, ed., ''Ridgway's Parliamentary Manual for the Year 1884'' (William Ridgway, 1884) p. 100</ref>
* [[December 29]] (O.S., January 9, 1702 N.S.) &ndash; The [[Battle of Erastfer]] takes place near what becomes [[Erastvere]] in [[Estonia]], as a large Russian force commanded by [[Boris Sheremetev]] invades Swedish Livonia and overwhelms a smaller force led by [[Wolmar Anton von Schlippenbach]] in  the first significant Russian victory in the Great Northern War.

=== Date unknown ===
* English agriculturalist [[Jethro Tull (agriculturist)|Jethro Tull]] invents a drill for planting seeds in rows.
* The Philharmonic Society (''Academia Philharmonicorum'') is established in [[Ljubljana]], Slovenia.</onlyinclude>