Editing 1562 (section)

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 6]] &ndash; [[Shane O'Neill (Irish chieftain)|Shane O'Neill]] of [[Tír Eoghain]] pleads his cause at the [[Palace of Whitehall]] in [[London]], before Queen [[Elizabeth I of England]], who recognises his status. He returns to [[Ireland]] on [[May 26]], and resumes his rebellious activities by [[November]].<ref>{{cite book|editor=Moody, T. W.|title=A New History of Ireland. '''8''': A Chronology of Irish History|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1989|isbn=978-0-19-821744-2|display-editors=etal}}</ref>
* [[January 17]] &ndash; [[Huguenot]]s are recognized under the [[Edict of Saint-Germain]].
* [[January 18]]
** The [[Council of Trent]] reconvenes, after a gap of 10 years.
** [[Thomas Norton]] and [[Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset|Thomas Sackville]]'s play ''[[Gorboduc (play)|Gorboduc]]'' is performed for the first time, before Queen Elizabeth I of England. It is the first known English [[tragedy]], and the first English language play to employ [[blank verse]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.innertemple.org.uk/archive/gorboduc.html|title=Gorboduc, or the Tragedy of Ferrex and Porrox|access-date=2007-11-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070917205947/http://www.innertemple.org.uk/archive/gorboduc.html|archive-date=September 17, 2007|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
* [[February 6]] &ndash; In the [[Mughal Empire]] in India, the [[Akbar the Great|Emperor Akbar]] marries [[Mariam-uz-Zamani]], daughter of [[Bharmal|Raja Bharmal]], the ruler of the [[Kingdom of Amber]]. The marriage takes place in [[Sambhar Lake Town|Sambhar]] in what is now the state of Rajasthan, where Akbar has stopped on his way back to the Mughal capital of Agra.
* [[February 12]] &ndash; After [[Catherine of Austria, Queen of Portugal|Catherine of Austria]], the former Queen Consort of Portugal decides to step down as regent for her grandson, the 8-year-old [[Sebastian, King of Portugal|King Sebastian]] at the age of 55, she turns the responsibility over to her late husband's brother, [[Henry, King of Portugal|Cardinal Henrique de Aviz]], the younger brother of her late husband, [[John III of Portugal|King João III]].
* [[February 18]] &ndash; The [[Siege of Mazagan (1562)|siege of the Portuguese fort of Mazagan]] begins in [[Morocco]] as the Sultanate tries to take back control of the area from the Portuguese occupiers.<ref name=Quintella>Ignacio da Costa Quintella: ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=zYyk_q4At60C&dq=cerco%20de%20mazag%C3%A3o&pg=PA495 Annaes da Marinha Portugueza]'' (Typographia da Academia Real das Sciencias, 1839) pp.495-496</ref>
* [[March 1]] &ndash; Over 80 Huguenots are massacred by the ultra-Catholic [[Francis, Duke of Guise]] in [[Wassy-sur-Blaise]], triggering the [[First War of Religion]] in France.<ref name=Ardagh>{{cite book|author=[[John Ardagh]]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yos-PONBAaAC|title=The Book of France|publisher=Chartwell Books|year=1980|isbn=978-0-89009-366-5|page=67|language=en}}</ref> 
* [[March 4]] &ndash; Prince [[Abu Abdallah Mohammed II Saadi]], heir to the throne of the Sultanate of Morocco, arrives at Mazagan with 100,000 troops.<ref name=Quintella/> 
* [[March 15]] &ndash; [[English people|English]] merchant [[Anthony Jenkinson]] has an audience with [[Ivan the Terrible]] in [[Moscow]], before departing the city on April 27 and continuing his second expedition through the [[Grand Duchy of Moscow]] to [[Qazvin]], capital of the [[Safavid dynasty]] in [[Persia]].<ref>''Early Voyages and Travels to Russia and Persia, by Anthony Jenkinson and Other Englishmen, With Some Account of the First Intercourse of the English with Russia and Central Asia by Way of the Caspian Sea'', ed. by E. Delmar Morgan and C. H. Coote · Volume 1 (Burt Franklin, Publisher, 1886)("the 15. day of March, the yeere aforesaid, I dined againe in his maiesties presence in company of an Ambassador of Persia and others... I departed from the citie of Mosco the 27 day of Aprill 1562, downe by the great river of Volga, in company of the said Ambassador of Persia." p.124</ref>
* [[March 24]] &ndash; Portuguese Navy Captain Álvaro de Carvalho reaches Mazagan in Morocco with a relief force that includes 600 well-equipped troops.1562 – O Triunfo Português no Grande Cerco a Mazagão in Barlavento Another force of 1,565 volunteers arrives on March 26 from [[Lisbon]].<ref name=Quintella/>

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 2]] &ndash; [[French Wars of Religion|Civil war breaks out in the Kingdom of France]] as [[Louis I, Prince of Condé]], leader of the Protestant [[Huguenot]]s, declares war against the French Catholic rulers, in retaliation for the March 1 [[massacre of Vassy]]. Condé and [[Gaspard II de Coligny|Gaspard de Coligny]] seize control of [[Orléans]], and other uprisings follow throughout [[France]].<ref name=Ardagh/><ref>{{Cite book |author-link=Robert J. Knecht |first=Robert J. |last=Knecht |title=The Valois: Kings of France 1328–1589 |location=New York |publisher=Hambledon Continuum |year=2007 |edition=2nd |page=35 |isbn=978-1852855222 }}</ref>
* [[May 1]] &ndash; [[Jean Ribault]], French navigator, lands in [[Florida]], and later establishes a [[Huguenot]] colony at [[Charlesfort-Santa Elena Site|Charlesfort]] on [[Parris Island, South Carolina]].
* [[May 5]] &ndash; Prince Abdullah of Morocco withdraws his troops after seeing no way to overcome Portuguese defenses at Marzagan.<ref>Comer Plummer: ''[https://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/Medieval/SiegeOfMazaganThe Siege of Mazagan, 1562]'' at militaryhistoryonline.com</ref> 
* [[May 28]] &ndash; The [[Siege of Rouen (1562)|Siege of Rouen]] as [[Claude, Duke of Aumale]], leads 3,000 French government troops against the Huguenot fortress at [[Rouen]]. The siege lasts for five months. He orders a retreat in June but returns on 29 July with a larger force and heavier artillery.<ref>{{cite book |last=Benedict |first=Philip |title=Rouen during the Wars of Religion |publisher=Cambridge University Press |page=99 |year=2003}}</ref>
* [[June 10]] &ndash; English Catholic printer [[Thomas Somerset]] is jailed at [[Fleet Prison]] "for translating an oratyon out of Frenche, made by the Cardinall of Lorraine, and putting the same without authority in prynte." On June 27, he is summoned before the Lords of the Council for a parole hearing, but is turned down because "he seamed to go about to justifye his cause" and returned to Fleet, "there to remaine until he shall have better considered of himself." He remains imprisoned for more than 19 years before finally being released on February 28, 1582.<ref>"Somerset, Thomas", in ''The Catholic Encyclopedia'' (Robert Appleton Company, 1913)</ref>
* [[June 14]] &ndash; At dinner at Dunfermline Castle, [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], displays a [[jewels of Mary, Queen of Scots|gold ring set with a heart shaped diamond]] from her collection and declares that she will send it to [[Elizabeth I of England|Queen Elizabeth of England]] as a gift and a possible summit conference in the future.<ref>Joseph Bain, ''Calendar of State Papers, Scotland: 1547-1563'', vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1898), pp. 632, 637.</ref>
* [[June 17]] Full moon of Waso 924 ME&ndash; King [[Bayinnaung|King Bayinnaung of Burma]] establishes an army garrison at [[Dawei]] in preparation for an attack against the Siamese Kingdom of Ayutthaya.<ref>''Hmannan'', Vol. 2 (2003) p.338):  = 17 June 1562</ref>  

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 12]] &ndash; Fray [[Diego de Landa]], acting [[Bishop of Yucatan]], burns the sacred books of the [[Maya civilization|Maya]].
* [[August 3]] &ndash; A severe hailstorm causes serious damage in the German town of [[Wiesensteig]], and leads a few days later to the demand of Mayor Ulrich von Helfenstein for the arrest of several women on [[Wiesensteig witch trial|charges of practicing witchcraft]]. Six of the women are executed the first of 63 women and men put to death after being convicted of practicing sorcery.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Midelfort |first=Erik |title=Witch hunting in southwestern Germany, 1562-1684; the social and intellectual foundations |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1972 |isbn=9780804708050 |pages=88}}</ref>
* [[August 7]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Mozhaysk]] is signed between Denmark and Russia to avoid going to war against each other over the [[Kingdom of Livonia]], now divided into [[Estonia]] and [[Latvia]].<ref>{{cite book| last= von Adelung| first= Friedrich | title = Kritisch-literärische Übersicht der Reisenden in Russland bis 1700, deren Berichte bekannt sind (Critical-literary overview of known reports of travelers in Russia up to 1700) |page = 231 | publisher = Eggers|location=Saint Petersburg|year=1846|language=German}}</ref>
* [[August 24]] &ndash; In the French city of [[Bar-sur-Seine]], at least [[List of massacres in France#Valois France|300 Huguenots are massacred]] by Catholic soldiers after their success in reconquering the citadel there. The killing occurs nine days after the burning alive of 94 Huguenots at [[Lauzerte]].
* [[September 20]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Hampton Court (1562)|Treaty of Hampton Court]], between Queen Elizabeth I of England and [[Huguenot]] leader [[Louis, Prince of Condé (1530–1569)|Louis, Prince of Condé]], is signed.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/223|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/223 223–226]}}</ref>
* [[September 22]] &ndash; [[Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian]], son of the [[Emperor Ferdinand I]], succeeds Ferdinand as ruler of the [[Kingdom of Bohemia]] (now the Czech Republic).

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 4]] &ndash; [[Kingdom of England|English]] forces under [[Ambrose Dudley, 3rd Earl of Warwick]], land at [[Le Havre]] to aid the Huguenots against the French Crown.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology"/>
* [[October 19]] &ndash; [[La Herradura naval disaster (1562)|La Herradura naval disaster]]: Twenty-five ships sink in a storm off of the coast of Spain in the bay of [[La Herradura]], where 28 ships had been anchored to weather the elements. At least 3,000 people are killed, and perhaps as many as 5,000, while another 2,000 survivors, mostly slaves on the galleys, are able to escape to shore.<ref>[https://www.costatropical.net/la-herradura/shipwrecked-sailors.php "The Shipwrecked Sailors"], CostaTropical.net</ref><ref>[https://armada.defensa.gob.es/html/historiaarmada/tomo2/tomo_02_03.pdf "Naufragio en La Herradura, 1560-1563"] (Instituto de Historia y Cultura Naval) pp.46-48</ref>
* [[October 26]] &ndash; [[Rouen]] is captured by Royalist forces under [[Antoine de Bourbon]], King of [[Navarre]], who is mortally wounded.
* [[October]] &ndash; Privateer [[John Hawkins (naval commander)|John Hawkins]] undertakes the first of several [[Atlantic slave trade|slave trading]] voyages, attacking Portuguese [[slave ship]]s off the West African coast and forcibly transporting the enslaved Africans onboard to [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|Spanish colonies in the Americas]] to sell. Hawkins arrives at the island of [[Hispaniola]] in the [[Spanish West Indies]], where he illicitly sells the enslaved Africans to local colonists, as his presence is technically in violation of Spanish law.<ref name=CBH>{{cite book|last1=Palmer|first1=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=153–156|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref> 
* [[November 5]] &ndash; [[Battle of Corrichie]] in [[Scotland]]: The rebellion of George Gordon, [[Earl of Huntly]] is crushed by [[James Stewart, Earl of Moray]].<ref>{{cite book|author=John Leonard Roberts|title=Feuds, Forays, and Rebellions: History of the Highland Clans, 1475-1625|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3KFnAAAAMAAJ|year=1999|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|isbn=978-0-7486-6244-9|pages=97–8|language=en}}</ref>
* [[November 20]] &ndash; [[Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian]] of Bohemia is elected [[King of the Romans]].
* [[December 19]] &ndash; [[Battle of Dreux]]: Huguenot and Catholic forces fight a bloody battle, narrowly won by the Catholic side. The official leaders of both armies are captured in the battle.<ref>{{cite book|author=Great Britain. Public Record Office|title=Calendar of State Papers, Foreign Series, of the Reign of Elizabeth: Preserved in the State Paper Department of Her Majesty's Public Record Office|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UmjSAAAAMAAJ|year=1966|publisher=Kraus Reprint|page=569|language=en}}</ref>

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Akbar]] conquers [[Malwa]], and its last Sultan, [[Baz Bahadur]], flees.
* [[Dudley Grammar School]] is established, and [[Gresham's School]] is granted a [[royal charter]], in [[Kingdom of England|England]].
* [[Fausto Sozzini]] publishes ''Brevis explicatio in primum Johannis caput'', originating [[Socinianism]].
* [[Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola]] publishes ''Regola delli cinque ordini d'architettura'' ''([[The Five Orders of Architecture|Rules of the Five Orders of Architecture]])'';<ref>{{cite book|last=Evers|first=Vernd|title=Architectural Theory: from the Renaissance to the present|year=2003|publisher=[[Taschen]]|isbn=978-3-8228-1699-8|page=845|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V5OK-Yw-A3cC&q=Vignola+%22Five+Orders%22&pg=PA86}}</ref> in succeeding centuries it will become the most published book in architectural history.<ref>Vignola. ''Canon of the Five Orders of Architecture'', translated with an introduction by Branko Mitrovic. New York: Acanthus Press, 1999). p. 17. {{ISBN|0-926494-16-3}}.</ref>
* The [[Pünte (Wiltshausen)|Pünte]] at Wiltshausen, a small, hand-operated ferry, which becomes a historic monument in the late 20th century, is first recorded.
* The Portuguese army is defeated at the [[Battle of Mulleriyawa]], Sri Lanka, at the hand of the Sitawaka army commanded by Prince Tikiri Bandara (King Rajasinghe), leaving 1600 dead. This is considered the worst defeat the Portuguese have suffered up to this time.
* An arsenal in Paris explodes. As recorded by [[Ambroise Paré]] in ''The Workes of Ambrose Parey'': "In the yeare of our Lord 1562, a quantity of this pouder [gunpowder] which was not very great, taking fire by accident in the Arcenall of Paris, caused such a tempest that the whole city shook, but it quite overturned many of the neighboring houses, and shook off the tiles and broke the windows of those which were further away; and to conclude, like a storm of lightning, it laid many here and there for dead, some lost their sight, others their hearing, and others their limbs were torn apart as if they had been rent with wild horses" (p.415).</onlyinclude>