Editing 1516 (section)

== Events ==
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=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 20]] &ndash; [[Juan Díaz de Solís]] arrives in what is now [[Punta del Este]] in [[Uruguay]], where he becomes the first European to sail into the [[Río de la Plata]] (in future [[Argentina]]).  Díaz and nine of his men are attacked and killed by the local [[Charrúa]] people shortly after their arrival.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=3 February 2016 |author=[[El País (Uruguay)|El País]] |date=3 February 2016 |title=Recrearon desembarco de Solís en playa Mansa, a los 500 años |url=http://www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/recrearon-desembarco-solis-playa-mansa.html}}<!-- auto-translated from Spanish by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Grimshaw |first1=William |title=The History of South America, from the Discovery of the New World by Columbus, to the Conquest of Peru by Pizarro |date=1830 |publisher=Collins & Hannay |page=89 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TXMOAAAAYAAJ&dq=Juan+D%C3%ADaz+de+Sol%C3%ADs+Juan+D%C3%ADaz+de+Sol%C3%ADs+%22january+1516%22&pg=PA89 |access-date=16 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref> although there was likely an expedition earlier in 1511-1512 by [[João de Lisboa]] and Estevão de Fróis.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Johnson |first1=H. B. |title=Colonial Brazil |date=1987 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-34925-3 |pages=1–38 |chapter-url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/colonial-brazil/portuguese-settlement-15001580/FC806C3693A5B6570D835FA828EDDA15 |access-date=16 July 2023 |chapter=Portuguese settlement, 1500–1580}}</ref>
* [[January 23]] &ndash; With the death of [[Ferdinand II of Aragon]], his grandson, [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles of Ghent]], becomes [[King of Spain]];<ref>{{cite book|author=Joseph F. O'Callaghan|title=A History of Medieval Spain|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yA3p6v3UxyIC&pg=PA675|date=31 August 1983|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=0-8014-9264-5|pages=675}}</ref> his mother [[Queen Joanna of Castile]] also succeeds as Queen of Aragon and co-monarch with Carlos, but remains confined at [[Tordesillas]].
* [[February 18]] &ndash; After two months in [[Bologna]], part of the [[Papal States]] in [[Italy]], [[Pope Leo X]] concludes two months of negotiation with [[Francis I of France|King François I]] of France. Their talks result in the abrogation of the French Pragmatic Sanction, and the conclusion of a new Concordat between the Papacy and France.<ref>{{cite book|author=Gaetano Moroni|title=Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni ...|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALtDAAAAIAAJ|year=1840|publisher=Tipografia Emiliana|language=it|pages=299–300}} Jules Thomas, [https://archive.org/details/leconcordatde15101thomuoft/page/n11 ''Le concordat de 1516, ses origines, son histoire au XVIe siècle''] (Paris: Picard 1910), pp. 307–343.</ref>
* [[February 21]] &ndash; Sir [[Edward Poynings]] becomes England's ambassador to Spain a second time and meets with [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|King Carlos I]] to negotiate a treaty.<ref name=ODNB>{{Cite ODNB |last=Ellis |first=Steven G. |id=22683 |title=Poynings, Sir Edward |year=2004}}</ref>
* [[February 25]] &ndash; In his capacity as [[Lord of Ireland]], [[Henry VIII]] opens the first of six assemblies of parliament during his reign of the [[List of parliaments of Ireland|Parliament of Ireland]] at [[Dublin]]. The parliament holds three sessions, ending on October 2, when it is dismissed.
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[Desiderius Erasmus]] publishes a new Greek edition of the [[New Testament]], ''[[Novum Instrumentum omne]]'', in [[Basel]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bruce |first1=Archibald Kay |title=Erasmus and Holbein |date=1936 |publisher=F. Muller |page=16 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B-YeAAAAMAAJ&q=%221%20march%201516%22 |access-date=17 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 13]] &ndash; At the age of 9, [[Louis II of Hungary|Louis II of Jagiellon]] becomes the new King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia upon the death of his father, [[Vladislaus II of Hungary|King Vladislaus II]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Louis II. of Hungary | volume= 17 |last= Bain |first= Robert Nisbet |author-link= Robert Nisbet Bain| pages = 49–50 |short= 1 }}</ref>
* [[March 29]] &ndash; The [[Venetian Ghetto]] is instituted in the [[Republic of Venice]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Davis |first1=Robert C. |last2=Ravid |first2=Benjamin |title=The Jews of Early Modern Venice |date=28 March 2001 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-0-8018-6512-1 |page=8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JejQqwa5Q94C&dq=Venetian+Ghetto+%2229+march+1516%22+republic+of+venice&pg=PA8 |access-date=17 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 19]] &ndash; England, represented by Ambassador Poynings and Spain's King Carlos I conclude a treaty of alliance.<ref name=ODNB/> 
* [[April 23]] &ndash; The [[Reinheitsgebot]] is instituted in [[Ingolstadt]], Bavaria, regulating the purity of [[beer]] permissible for sale.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Drewes |first1=Michael |title=Hopfen und Malz, Gott erhalt's : eine kleine Ökonomik des Biers zum 500. Geburtstag des Reinheitsgebots |journal=Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium |date=December 2016 |volume=45 |issue=12 |pages=652–656 |doi=10.15358/0340-1650-2016-12-652 |url=https://www.econbiz.de/Record/hopfen-und-malz-gott-erhalt-s-eine-kleine-%C3%B6konomik-des-biers-zum-500-geburtstag-des-reinheitsgebots-drewes-michael/10011703547 |access-date=17 July 2023}}</ref>
* [[May 6]] &ndash; A Category IX earthquake strikes [[Dubrovnik]] in what is now Croatia.<ref>{{cite book | chapter-url = https://www.pilar.hr/wp-content/images/stories/dokumenti/zbornici/40/mpd_knjiga_265.pdf | language = hr | first1 = Davorka | last1 = Herak | first2 = Marijan | last2 = Herak | chapter = Seizmičnost i potresna opasnost na makarskom području | series = Biblioteka Zbornici | volume = 40 | title = Makarsko primorje danas. Makarsko primorje od kraja Drugog svjetskog rata do 2011. | editor-first1 = Marko | editor-last1 = Mustapić | editor-first2 = Ivan | editor-last2 = Hrstić | publisher = Institut društvenih znanosti Ivo Pilar | location = Zagreb | year = 2012 | isbn = 978-953-6666-87-4|page=271}}</ref>
* [[May 8]] &ndash; In what is now [[Vietnam]], [[Le Tuong Duc]], Emperor of [[Dai Viet]], since 1509, is murdered at his palace at Thang Long (now in [[Hanoi]]) by his bodyguards. Le Tuong Duc's 12-year-old nephew, [[Le Chieu Tong]], is installed as the new Emperor by the conspirators.<ref>{{Citation|author=Đại Việt's Office of History|title=[[Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư]]|edition=Nội các quan bản|year=1993|language=vi|publisher=Social Science Publishing House|location=Hanoi}}</ref>
* [[June 14]] &ndash; In Spain, King [[John III of Navarre]] dies after a reign of 32 years and is succeeded by his widow, [[Catherine of Navarre|Queen Catherine]].<ref>{{cite book |title=The Queens Regnant of Navarre |first=Elena |last=Woodacre |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=2013 }}</ref>

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 4]] &ndash; King [[James V of Scotland]] opens the Scottish Parliament at Edinburgh.
* [[July 28]] &ndash; [[Selim I]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]] captures the city of [[Malatya]] (located in what is now southeastern Turkey) as the first conquest in his  [[Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–17)|war]] against the [[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt]] and then proceeds to invade [[Syria]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mauder |first1=Christian |title=In the Sultan's Salon: Learning, Religion, and Rulership at the Mamluk Court of Qāniṣawh al-Ghawrī (r. 1501–1516) |date=4 June 2021 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-44421-8 |pages=98–99 |chapter-url=https://brill.com/display/book/9789004444218/BP000002.xml |access-date=17 July 2023 |language=en |chapter=Historical Context and State of Research}}</ref>
* [[July 30]] &ndash; [[John V, Count of Nassau-Siegen]] dies in [[Siegen]], now in Germany, leaving his realm to be divided by his two sons. The transition is smooth because of a 1509 agreement between [[Henry III of Nassau-Breda]] and [[William I of Nassau-Dillenburg]]. William receives all of John V's possessions in Germany, while Henry inherits those in the [[Low Countries]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=Nederlandse historische bronnen 4 · dbnl |last=Kluiver |first=J.H. |publisher=DBNL |date=1984 |access-date=15 August 2022 |url=https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_ned017198401_01/_ned017198401_01_0002.php |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815191551/https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_ned017198401_01/_ned017198401_01_0002.php|archivedate=2022-08-15 |language=nl |page=9}}</ref>
* [[August 13]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Noyon]] is signed. [[Francis I of France|King François I]] of France recognizes [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles I of Spain]]'s claim to [[Naples]], and Charles recognizes Francis's claim to [[Milan]]. The treaty also promised [[Louise of France (1515–1518)|Louise of France]] to Charles.<ref>{{cite book |title=Collection des ordonnances des rois de France: Catalogue des actes de François Ier |date=1887 |publisher=Imprimerie nationale |location=Pairs |page=85 |url=https://archive.org/details/collectiondesord01acad/page/84/mode/2up?q=%2213+aout%22 |access-date=17 July 2023}}</ref>
* [[August 18]] &ndash; King [[Francis I of France]] and [[Pope Leo X]] sign the [[Concordat of Bologna]], agreeing on the relationship between church and state in France.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Knecht |first1=R. J. |title=Francis I |date=26 April 1984 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-27887-4 |page=55 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rvEBMIIcHQkC&dq=%2218+august+1516%22+Concordat+of+Bologna&pg=PA55 |access-date=17 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[August 24]] &ndash; [[Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–17)]]: The Ottoman Sultan [[Selim I]] defeats the Mamluk forces commanded by the sultan [[Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghuri]] in the [[Battle of Marj Dabiq]], bringing all of the Middle East.<ref>{{cite book |title=Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt |date=1978 |volume=15|publisher=American Research Center in Egypt |page=80 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BbTiAAAAMAAJ&q=%2224%20august%201516%22 |access-date=17 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref> The Mamluk Sultan, [[Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghuri]], is killed while leading his troops in the battle, and Prime Minister [[Tuman Bay II|Al-Ashraf Tuman Bay]], who was left in charge in Cairo by the Sultan Qansuh, becomes the Sultan of Egypt, the last remaining part of the [[Mamluk Sultanate]].
*[[September 16]] &ndash; German theologian [[Andreas Karlstadt]] completes his series of 151 theses, an attack against corruption in the Roman Catholic Church.<ref>{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Carlstadt|volume=5|pages=348–349}}</ref>
*[[September 17]] &ndash; Baased in [[Kamaran]], an island in the [[Red Sea]], the Mamluk Egyptian Admiral [[Selman Reis]] leads of fleet 19 ships in an unsuccessful attempt to take [[Yemen]] and [[Aden]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Ovg_RQlklU4C&pg=PA321 ''An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire'', Volume 1], by Halil İnalcik p.321''ff''</ref>

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 28]] &ndash; [[Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–17)]]: [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] forces under the [[Grand Vizier]] [[Hadım Sinan Pasha|Sinan Pasha]] defeat the Mamluks in the [[Battle of Yaunis Khan]] near [[Gaza City|Gaza]].
* [[November 29]] &ndash; The "Treaty of Perpetual Peace" is signed in the city of [[Fribourg]] in [[Switzerland]], between representatives of the [[Thirteen Cantons]] of the [[Old Swiss Confederacy]], and King Francis of the [[Kingdom of France]], confirming the French victory in the 1515 [[Battle of Marignano]]. The Swiss Confederacy renounces all claims to the French protectorate of [[Milan]] in Italy, in for  700,000 gold crowns in compensation.<ref>{{HLS|8898|Ewiger Frieden / Paix perpétuelle|author= André Holenstein |date=2010}}</ref>
* [[December 4]] &ndash; [[Treaty of Brussels 1516|Treaty of Brussels]]: Peace is declared between the [[Kingdom of France]] and the [[Holy Roman Empire]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sporschil |first1=Johann |title=Die Geschichte der Deutschen von den ältesten Zeiten bis auf unsere Tage |date=1859 |publisher=G.J. Manz |page=546 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2ms_AAAAYAAJ&dq=Vertrag+von+Br%C3%BCssel+%E2%80%9E4.+Dezember+1516%E2%80%9C&pg=PA536 |access-date=17 July 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
* c. December &ndash; [[Thomas More]]'s most famous work, ''[[Utopia (More book)|Utopia]]'', completed this year, is published in [[Leuven]] (in [[Latin]]).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Morrish |first1=Jennifer |title=A Note on the Neo-Latin Sources for the Word 'Utopia' |journal=Humanistica Lovaniensia |date=2001 |volume=50 |pages=119–130 |jstor=23973826 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23973826 |access-date=17 July 2023 |issn=0774-2908}}</ref>

=== Date unknown ===
* Italian explorer [[Rafael Perestrello]], a cousin of the [[Filipa Moniz Perestrelo|wife]] of [[Christopher Columbus]], commands an expedition from [[Portuguese Malacca]] to land on the shores of mainland southern China, and trade with Chinese merchants at [[Guangzhou]], during the [[Ming Dynasty]].
* Portuguese soldier [[Fernão Lopes (soldier)|Fernão Lopes]] becomes the first known permanent inhabitant of [[Saint Helena]].
* [[Leonardo da Vinci]] accepts Francis I's invitation to [[Kingdom of France|France]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Isaacson |first1=Walter |title=Leonardo da Vinci |date=17 October 2017 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-1-5011-3917-8 |page=497 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=67KuDgAAQBAJ&dq=Leonardo+da+Vinci+francis+i+invitation++%221516%22&pg=PA497 |access-date=18 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* The predecessor of the [[Royal Mail]], known as the ''Master of the Posts'', is established by [[Henry VIII of England]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Postmasters General |url=https://gbps.org.uk/information/downloads/postal-museum/BPMA_Info_Sheet_Postmasters_General_web.pdf |website=gbps.org.uk |access-date=18 July 2023}}</ref>
* [[Gillingham School]] is founded, the oldest in [[Dorset]], [[Kingdom of England|England]].
* [[Fuggerei]] is established in [[Augsburg]] (Bavaria), as the world's oldest [[social housing]] complex still in use.<ref>{{cite thesis |last=Kovačić |first=Nedeljko |date=2015 |title=The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Sustainable Cultural Communities |url=http://www.culturalmanagement.ac.rs/uploads/research_file_1/72b2519614d526a13d18f7f1e92ac1b46e3d2638.pdf |type=MA |chapter=Introduction|page=22 |publisher=University of Arts in Belgrade |access-date=18 July 2023}}</ref>
* The fall of the [[Nantan meteorite]] is possibly observed near the city of [[Nantan (City)|Nantan]], Nandan County, Guangxi (China).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Dekan |first1=Július |title=Composition of iron-bearing phases in Nantan meteorite as determined by Mössbauer spectrometry |journal=AIP Conference Proceedings |series=Applied Physics of Condensed Matter (Apcom 2021) |date=November 2, 2021 |volume=2411 |issue=1 |page=050002 |doi=10.1063/5.0067402 |bibcode=2021AIPC.2411e0002D |s2cid=242069262 |url=https://pubs.aip.org/aip/acp/article-abstract/2411/1/050002/686954/Composition-of-iron-bearing-phases-in-Nantan?redirectedFrom=fulltext |access-date=18 July 2023|quote=Nantan meteorite was found in 1958 and its fall might have been observed in 1516.|doi-access=free }}</ref></onlyinclude>