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== Events == <onlyinclude> === January–December === * [[January]] – Portuguese navigators [[João de Santarém]] and [[Pedro Escobar]] reach the gold-trading centre of [[Elmina]] on the [[Portuguese Gold Coast|Gold Coast]] of west Africa,<ref>{{cite book|last=Wilks|first=Ivor|chapter=Wangara, Akan and Portuguese in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries|editor1-last=Bakewell|editor1-first=Peter |title=Mines of Silver and Gold in the Americas|year=1997|publisher=Ashgate|location=Aldershot|pages=1–39}}</ref> and explore Cape St. Catherine, two degrees south of the equator, so that they begin to be guided by the [[Southern Cross]] constellation. They also visit [[Sassandra]] on the [[Ivory Coast]]. * [[March 1]] – Emperor [[Lê Thánh Tông]] captures the [[Champa]] capital, establishing new regions in middle Vietnam. * [[March]] – The [[Yorkist]] King [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]] returns to England to reclaim his throne. * [[April 14]] – [[Battle of Barnet]]: Edward defeats the [[House of Lancaster|Lancastrian]] army under [[Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick|Warwick]], who is killed.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Burne |first=Alfred |author-link=Alfred Burne |title=The Battlefields of England |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IzwOAAAAQAAJ |access-date=8 February 2009 |year=1950 |publisher=[[Methuen Publishing|Methuen and Company]] |location=London |oclc=3010941 |chapter=The Battle of Barnet, April 14th, 1471 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IzwOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA108|page=108 }}</ref> * [[May 4]] – [[Battle of Tewkesbury]]: King Edward defeats a Lancastrian army under [[Margaret of Anjou|Queen Margaret]] and her son, [[Edward of Westminster]] the Prince of Wales, who is killed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/upload/pdf/tewkesbury.pdf?1253781010|title=English Heritage Battlefield Report: Tewkesbury 1471|year=1995|publisher=[[English Heritage]]|pages=2–3|access-date=2010-04-24|archive-date=24 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824101110/https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/upload/pdf/tewkesbury.pdf?1253781010&1253781010|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[May 21]] – King Edward IV celebrates his victories with a triumphal parade on his return to London. The captured Queen Margaret is paraded through the streets. The same day [[Henry VI of England]] is murdered in the [[Tower of London]], eliminating all Lancastrian opposition to the [[House of York]]. * [[July 14]] – [[Battle of Shelon]]: The forces of [[Grand Duchy of Moscow|Muscovy]] defeat the [[Republic of Novgorod]]. * [[August 9]] – [[Pope Sixtus IV]] succeeds [[Pope Paul II]], to become the 212th [[pope]]. * [[August 24]] – King [[Afonso V of Portugal]] conquers the Moroccan town of [[Arzila]]. * [[August 29]] – The [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] occupy [[Tangier]], after its population flees the city. * [[October 10]] – [[Battle of Brunkeberg]] in [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]: The forces of [[Regent]] of [[Sweden]] [[Sten Sture the Elder]], with the help of [[farmer]]s and [[miner]]s, repel an attack by [[Christian I of Denmark|Christian I]], [[King of Denmark]]. * [[December 21]] – The islands of [[São Tomé and Príncipe]] are discovered by Portuguese navigators João de Santarém and Pedro Escobar.<ref>{{cite book|first1=Albertino|last1=Francisco|first2=Nujoma|last2=Agostinho|title=Exorcising Devils from the Throne: São Tomé and Príncipe in the Chaos of Democratization|page=28|year=2011|publisher=Algora |isbn=9780875868486}}</ref> === Date unknown === * [[Pachacuti]] Inca Yupanqui of the [[Inca Empire]] dies, and is succeeded by his son [[Topa Inca Yupanqui]]. * [[Moorish]] exiles from Spain, led by Moulay Ali Ben Moussa Ben Rached El Alami, found the city of [[Chefchaouen]] in the north of Morocco. * [[Marsilio Ficino]]'s translation of the ''[[Corpus Hermeticum]]'' into [[Latin]], ''De potestate et sapientia Dei'', is published.</onlyinclude> * World population reaches 500 million.<ref>{{Citation |title=World Population 3000 (Top 25 Countries by Population 1000 A.D - 3000 A.D) | date=January 23, 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TzbA-SkdDPs |language=en |access-date=2023-01-31}}</ref>
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