Editing 1434 (section)

== Events ==
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=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 9]] &ndash; ([[Rajab]] 9, [[Islamic calendar|837 AH]]) King [[Alfonso V of Aragon]] ruler of the Kingdom of Sicily as well, contracts with tapestry weaver Guillem d'Uxelles to [[Flanders]] to begin learning the Flemish methods to be duplicated in Spain, beginning the "Hispano-Flemish" style.<ref>{{cite book | last=Velasco González | first=Alberto | last2=Fité i Llevot | first2=Francesc | title=Late Gothic painting in the Crown of Aragon and the Hispanic kingdoms | publisher=Brill | publication-place=Leiden Boston | date=2018 | isbn=978-90-04-36384-7 }}</ref>
* [[February 19]] &ndash; In India, [[Mubarak Shah II]], the [[Delhi Sultanate|Sultan of Delhi]], is assassinated. His nephew, [[Muhammad Shah IV]] becomes the new Sultan.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jackson |first1=Peter |title=The Delhi Sultanate : a political and military history |date=2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |isbn=9780521543293 |edition=1st |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lt2tqOpVRKgC}}</ref>
* [[March 16]] &ndash; [[Muscovite War of Succession]]: [[Yury of Zvenigorod]] defeats his nephew, [[Vasily II of Moscow|Vasily II]], [[Grand Prince of Moscow]], in a battle at [[Rostov Veliky|Rostov]], about {{convert|125|mi}} from [[Moscow]].<ref name=SMS>Sergei Mikhailovich Soloviev, ''History of Russia from Ancient Times'' (in Russian), Vol. 4</ref>
* [[March 31]] &ndash; Yury of Zvenigorod marches into [[Moscow]] with his army and plunders Vasily II's treasury.

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 14]] &ndash; The foundation stone of [[Nantes Cathedral]] in [[Nantes]], [[Brittany]], is laid.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MQoKeohhNkMC&pg=PA772 |title=Medieval France: An Encyclopedia |first=William W. |last=Kibler |first2=Grover A. |last2=Zinn |publisher=[[Psychology Press]] |year=1995 |page=772 |isbn=9780824044442 |editor-first=Lawrence |editor-last=Earp |editor2-first=John Bell |editor2-last=Henneman, Jr.}}</ref>
* [[May 30]] &ndash; [[Hussite Wars]] &ndash; [[Battle of Lipany]]: The Catholics and Utraquists defeat the Taborites, ending the Hussite Wars.<ref>{{cite book|author=Hugh LeCaine Agnew|title=The Czechs and the Lands of the Bohemian Crown|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Db76shTEM60C&pg=PT91|year=2004|publisher=Hoover Press|isbn=978-0-8179-4492-6|pages=91}}</ref> 
* [[June 20]] &ndash; [[Zara Yaqob]] becomes Emperor of [[Ethiopian Empire|Ethiopia]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Carlo Zaghi|title=L'Africa nella coscienza europea e l'imperialismo italiano|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aLQMAAAAIAAJ|year=1973|publisher=Guida|language=it}}</ref>
* [[June 24]] &ndash; Iron mine owner [[Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson]] begins the [[Engelbrekt rebellion]] in Sweden against [[Eric of Pomerania|King Erik]], starting with an attack against the town of [[Borlänge]], followed by Köpingehus, burning down offices there and then marching on towards [[Västerås]].<ref>Lars-Olof Larsson, ''Kalmarunionens tid : Från Drottning Margareta till Kristian II'' (Rabén Prisma, 1997)</ref>

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 5]]&ndash; Slightly more than three months after claiming the Grand Principality of Moscow, Yury of Zvenigorod dies suddenly at the age of 59 and is succeeded by his son, [[Vasily Kosoy]].<ref name=SMS/> 
* [[July 10]]&ndash; In the [[Kingdom of León]] in Spain, [[Suero de Quiñones]] first stage the and his companions stage the ''Passo Honroso'', at the bridge across the [[Órbigo River]] near [[Santiago de Compostela]]. Any [[knight]] attempting to cross the bridge is challenged to a [[joust]] by the Quiñones knights. The challenge continues for the next 30 days.<ref name="RAH">{{cite web |title=Suero de Quiñones |url=https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/14404/suero-de-quinones |website=Diccionario Biográfico electrónico |publisher=Real Academia de la Historia |access-date=10 March 2023}}</ref>
* [[July 25]] &ndash; The coronation of [[Władysław III of Poland|Wladyslaw III]] as [[King of Poland]] takes place at the [[Wawel Cathedral]] in [[Kraków]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Reddaway |first1=W. F. |last2=Penson |first2=J. H. |date=1950 |title=The Cambridge history of Poland from the origins to Sobieski - to 1696 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N883AAAAIAAJ |location=Cambridge |publisher=University Press |page=234 |isbn=978-1-001-28802-4 |oclc=877250752}}</ref>
* [[August 9]] &ndash; After fighting 166 jousts, and sustaining injuries over a month, Quiñones and his men end the ''Passo Honroso''.<ref name="RAH"/>
* [[August 16]] &ndash; King Eric of Pomerania is deposed from the Swedish throne at a meeting in Vadstena, though he still retains power in Denmark and Norway.
* [[August]] &ndash; Portuguese explorer [[Gil Eanes]] and his crew sail around the dangerous [[Cape Bojador]] of North Africa (off of [[Western Sahara]]) and survive, becoming the first Europeans to make the voyage and ending the legends about what lies on the other side of the "Dark Sea". The achievement is a breakthrough in trade between Europe and Asia.<ref>{{cite book | last=Butel | first=Paul | title=The Atlantic | publisher=Routledge | publication-place=London New York | date=2002-03-11 | isbn=978-1-134-84305-3 | url = https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Atlantic/sLGIAgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Bojador+Eanes+June+1434&pg=PA42&printsec=frontcover}}</ref>
* [[September 29]] &ndash; Pope Eugene IV issues the [[papal bull]] ''Regimini gregis'', condemning the enslavement by the [[Kingdom of Castile]] of the [[Guanches]], the indigenous people of the [[Canary Islands]]. An order to free the slaves follows three months later.<ref>Manuel Lopes de Almeida, et al., ''Monumenta Henricina'' Volume 5, (Coimbra, 1963) pp. 89-93</ref>

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 6]] &ndash; [[Cosimo de' Medici]] returns to Florence, one year after being exiled by the [[Albizzi]] and [[Strozzi family|Strozzi]] faction.<ref>{{cite book|author=Randolph Starn|title=Contrary Commonwealth: The Theme of Exile in Medieval and Renaissance Italy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jj_w3HUBW8AC&pg=PA105|date=1 January 1982|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-04615-3|pages=105}}</ref>
* [[October 21]] &ndash; The [[University of Catania]] is founded in Italy.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Universities of Italy: Fascist University Groups|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=waEbAQAAMAAJ|year=1934|publisher=Printing works of the Istituto italiano d'arti grafiche|page=187}}</ref>
* [[November 12]] &ndash;
**[[René of Anjou]] becomes the new [[Count of Provence]] and [[Duke of Anjou]], as well as a claimant to the title of [[King of Naples]], upon the death of his brother, [[Louis III of Anjou|Louis III]].
**Bishop [[Nicolaus Ragvaldi|Nils Ragvaldsson]] of [[Sweden]] delivers a speech at the [[Council of Basel]], arguing the Kingdom of Sweden and its monarch, [[Eric of Pomerania]] deserve senior rank over the Spanish delegation.<ref>{{citation|author=Werner Söderberg|contribution=Nikolaus Ragvaldis tal i Basel 1434 |url=https://runeberg.org/samlaren/1896/0195.html |year=1896 |title=Samlaren |volume=17 |pages=187}}</ref>
* [[December 17]] &ndash; [[Pope Eugene IV]] issues the [[papal bull]] ''[[Creator Omnium]]'', directing the freedom of the Canary Island slaves within 15 days after the bull is received.

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Jan van Eyck]] paints the ''[[Arnolfini Portrait]]''.<ref>{{cite book|author=Edwin Hall|title=The Arnolfini Betrothal: Medieval Marriage and the Enigma of Van Eyck's Double Portrait|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=txDJQWh4rRgC|date=1 January 1997|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-21221-3}}</ref>
* In [[Ming Dynasty]] [[China]], a long episode of drought, flood, [[locust]] infestation, and famine cripple agriculture and commerce in areas throughout the country, until [[1448]].
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