Editing 1234 (section)

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Europe ====
* King [[Canute II of Sweden]] ("the Tall") dies after a five-year reign. His rival, [[Eric XI of Sweden|Eric XI]] ("the Lisp and Lame"), returns as ruler of [[Sweden]] (possibly after a civil war between the two of them). It is also possible that Canute dies of natural causes, and Eric peacefully then returns as king.
* King [[Andrew II of Hungary]] proclaims his son, [[Coloman of Galicia]], as ruler (or ''[[Ban (title)|ban]]'') of [[Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Middle Ages|Bosnia]], who passes it on to [[Prijezda]], a cousin of [[Matej Ninoslav]], despite Matej being the legitimate ruler.
* [[Reconquista]]: King [[Sancho II of Portugal]] conquers the cities of [[Aljustrel]] and [[Mértola]] from the [[Moors]].<ref name=picard2000>{{cite book|last=Picard|first=Christophe|title=Le Portugal musulman (VIIIe-XIIIe siècle. L'Occident d'al-Andalus sous domination islamique|year=2000|publisher=Maisonneuve & Larose|location=Paris|isbn=2-7068-1398-9|page=110}}</ref>

==== Mongol Empire ====
* [[February 9]] &ndash; [[Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty]]: The Mongol army led by [[Ögedei Khan]] captures the Jin capital at [[Runan County|Caizhou]], after the two-month [[Siege of Caizhou]]). [[Emperor Aizong of Jin]] abdicates the throne to [[Emperor Mo of Jin|Wanyan Chenglin]], a descendant of the Jin imperial clan. After the Mongol and Song forces have breached the city walls, Aizong tries to escape, but commits suicide to avoid being captured. This marks the end of the [[Jin dynasty (1115–1234)]] ('Great Jin') in China.<ref>Beck, Sanderson. "Liao, Xi Xia, and Jin Dynasties 907–1234". ''China 7 BC to 1279''.</ref>

==== Africa ====
* The [[Mandé peoples|Manden]] region rises against the [[Sosso Empire|Kaniaga Kingdom]]. This is the beginning of a process that will lead to the rise of the [[Mali Empire]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=Reconstructing oral tradition: Souleymane Kanté's approach to writing Mande history|first=David C.|last=Conrad|date=2001|volume=3|pages=147–200|doi=10.2979/mnd.2001.a873349|journal=Mande Studies}}</ref>

=== By topic ===

==== Religion ====
* [[November]] &ndash; [[Pope Gregory IX]] proclaims war on the city of [[Rome]] after a local revolt forces him into exile.<ref>Williams, Hywel (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 138. {{ISBN|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref> He issues the papal bull ''[[Rachel suum videns]]'', calling for a new [[crusade]] to the [[Holy Land]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jt61CwAAQBAJ|title=Infirmity in Antiquity and the Middle Ages|first1=Christian|last1= Krötzl|first2=Jenni|last2=Kuuliala|first3=Katariina|last3=Mustakallio|page=108|date=March 9, 2016|publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]]|isbn=9781317116950}}</ref>
* [[Lund Cathedral]] in [[Sweden]] is heavily damaged in a catastrophic fire. Large donations are made to the church, to rebuild the cathedral.</onlyinclude>