Editing 1225 (section)

== Events ==
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=== By place ===

==== Mongol Empire ====
* Autumn &ndash; [[Subutai]] is assigned a new campaign by [[Genghis Khan]] against the [[Tangut people|Tanguts]]. He crosses the [[Gobi Desert]] with a Mongol army and advances south into the [[Western Xia]] (or '''Xi Xia'''). Meanwhile, Genghis, in his mid-sixties, becomes wounded during hunting. His injury – a dislocated shoulder, perhaps, or a bruised rib – forces him to take some rest.<ref>John Man (2011). ''Genghis Khan: Life, Death and Resurrection'', p. 242. {{ISBN|978-0-553-81498-9}}.</ref> 
* [[Iltutmish]], Ghurid ruler of the [[Delhi Sultanate]], repels a Mongol attack and invades [[Bengal]]. His rival, [[Iwaz Khalji|Ghiyasuddin]], leads an army to halt Iltutmish's advance, but decides to avoid a conflict by paying him tribute and accepting his suzerainty.<ref>[[Peter Jackson (historian)|Jackson, Peter]] (2003). ''The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History'', p. 36. Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-521-54329-3}}.</ref>

==== Europe ====
* [[July 25]] &ndash; Emperor [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick II]] takes an oath at [[Sixth Crusade#The Agreement of San Germano|San Germano]] (near [[Cassino]]) and promises to depart on a Crusade (the [[Sixth Crusade]]), for the [[Near East]] in August [[1227]]. He sends 1000 knights to the [[Levant]] and provides [[Rome]] with 100,000 ounces of gold, to be forfeited to the [[Catholic Church]] should he break his vow. These funds will be returned to Frederick once he arrives at [[Acre, Israel|Acre]].<ref>[[Steven Runciman]] (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre'', p. 149. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29877-0}}.</ref>
* [[November 9]] &ndash; Frederick II marries the 14-year-old Queen [[Isabella II of Jerusalem|Yolande]], heiress to the kingdom of [[Kingdom of Jerusalem|Jerusalem]], and adds the [[Crusader states|Crusader States]] to his dominions.<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre'', p. 147. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29877-0}}.</ref>
* [[November 29]] &ndash; The 12-year-old [[Henry (VII) of Germany|Henry VII]], by order of his father Frederick II, marries [[Margaret of Austria, Queen of Bohemia|Margaret of Austria]], daughter of Duke [[Leopold VI, Duke of Austria|Leopold VI]] ('''the Glorious''').
* The [[Teutonic Order|Teutonic Knights]] are expelled from [[Transylvania]] by King [[Andrew II of Hungary|Andrew II]], because they wanted to separate from [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary]].

==== England ====
* [[February 11]] &ndash; The [[Charter of the Forest]] is restored to its traditional rights by King [[Henry III of England|Henry III]]. 'Free men' are allowed to find pasture for their pigs, collect firewood, graze animals, or cut turf for fuel. At this time, however, only about 10 percent of the population is 'free', the rest are locked into service to a local landowner, some of them little more than slaves.<ref>Rothwell, Harry (1995). ''English Historical Documents 1189–1327'', p. 347. {{ISBN|978-0-415-14368-4}}.</ref>
* The [[Magna Carta]] is reaffirmed (for the third time) by Henry III, in return for issuing a property tax. It becomes the definitive version of the text.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/135|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/135 135–137]}}</ref>

==== Middle East ====
* Summer &ndash; [[Battle of Garni]]: Khwarezmid forces led by [[Jalal al-Din Mangburni]] defeat the Georgian army (some 70,000 men) at [[Garni]]. The royal court of Queen [[Rusudan of Georgia|Rusudan]] moves to [[Kutaisi]], while the Georgian capital [[Tbilisi]] is besieged by the Khwarezmians.
* July 25 &ndash; Jalal al-Din Mangburni dethrones [[Muzaffar al-Din Uzbek]], ruler (''[[atabeg]]'') of the [[Eldiguzids]], and sets himself up in the capital of [[Tabriz]] (modern [[Iran]]).
* [[October 5]] &ndash; Caliph [[Al-Nasir]] dies from [[dysentery]] at [[Baghdad]] after a 45-year reign. He is succeeded by his son [[Al-Zahir bi-Amr Allah|Al-Zahir]] as ruler of the [[Abbasid Caliphate]].

==== Levant ====
* The 8-year-old [[Henry I of Cyprus|Henry I]] ('''the Fat''') is crowned as king of [[Kingdom of Cyprus|Cyprus]] in the [[Selimiye Mosque, Nicosia|Cathedral of Saint Sophia]] at [[Nicosia]]. His uncle [[Philip of Ibelin (1180–1227)|Philip of Ibelin]] orders the coronation, so that when Henry comes of age at fifteen a regency could not be prolonged on the ground that he is not yet crowned.<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre'', p. 151. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29877-0}}.</ref>

==== Asia ====
* [[December 31]] &ndash; [[Lý Chiêu Hoàng]], only [[empress regnant]] in the [[history of Vietnam]], marries [[Trần Thái Tông]], making him the first ruler of the [[Trần dynasty]].

=== By topic ===

==== Religion ====
* [[May 10]] &ndash; [[Gerold of Lausanne]], French bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Valence|Valence]], becomes the new Latin patriarch of [[Jerusalem]] (until [[1239]]).
* [[June 10]] &ndash; [[Pope Honorius III]] issues the bull [[Vineae Domini custodes]] in which he approves [[Catholic Church in Morocco#Middle Ages|the mission of two friars to Morocco]]. The bull is reissued in October when Honorius III exhorts the [[Dominican Order|Dominican]] and [[Franciscan order]] to participate in that mission.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fonnesberg-Schmidt |first1=Iben |title=The Popes and the Baltic Crusades: 1147-1254 |date=2007 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-15502-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TKCAvDd2JHYC |access-date=5 May 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[July 27]] &ndash; [[Visby Cathedral]] in [[Sweden]] is consecrated.
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