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== Events == === By place === ==== Levant ==== * [[September 14]] – [[Battle of Sarmin]]: The Crusaders, under Prince [[Roger of Salerno]], surprise and rout the [[Seljuk Empire|Seljuk Turkish]] army (some 8,000 men), led by Emir [[Bursuq ibn Bursuq]], at [[Sarmin]] (modern [[Syria]]). Bursuq barely avoids capture, and escapes with a few hundred horsemen. Roger reoccupies the fortress of [[Kafartab]], and consolidates his territory around [[Principality of Antioch|Antioch]].<ref>[[Steven Runciman]] (1952). ''A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem'', pp. 106–107. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29876-3}}.</ref> * The Crusader castle of [[Montreal (castle)|Montreal]] (located in [[Jordan]]) is commissioned by King [[Baldwin I of Jerusalem]], during an expedition against the Seljuk Turks. ==== Europe ==== * [[February 11]] – [[Battle of Welfesholz]]: Duke [[Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor|Lothair of Supplinburg]] joins the rebellious Saxon forces, and defeats the German Imperial Army of Emperor [[Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry V]] at [[Welfesholz]], in [[Saxony-Anhalt]] (modern [[Germany]]).<ref>Comyn, Robert (1851). ''History of the Western Empire from its Restoration by Charlemagne to the Accession of Charles V'', p. 181.</ref> * [[July 24]] – [[Matilda of Tuscany|Matilda]], margravine of [[Tuscany]], dies at [[Bondeno]]. During her reign she waged an intermittent war with Emperor [[Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry IV]] over the inheritance rights of her fiefs in [[Lombardy]] and Tuscany. ==== Asia ==== * The [[Jin dynasty (1115–1234)|Jin Dynasty]] (or '''Great Jin''') is created by the [[Jurchen people|Jurchen]] tribal chieftain [[Emperor Taizu of Jin|Taizu]] (or '''Aguda'''). He establishes a dual-administration system: a Chinese-style [[bureaucracy]] to rule over northern and northeast [[China]]. * The 19-year-old [[Minamoto no Tameyoshi]], Japanese nobleman and [[samurai]], gains recognition by suppressing a riot against Emperor [[Emperor Toba|Toba]] at a monastery near [[Kyoto]] (approximate date). ==== Mesoamerica ==== * The [[Mixtec]] ruler [[Eight Deer Jaguar Claw]] (or '''8 Deer''') is defeated in battle and sacrificed by a coalition of city-states, led by his brother-in law 4 Wind, at [[Tilantongo]] in the [[La Mixteca|Mixteca Alta]] region (modern [[Mexico]]).<ref>{{cite book |author=Pohl, John M.D. |year=2002 |title=The Legend of Lord Eight Deer: An Epic of Ancient Mexico |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford; New York |isbn=978-0-19-514019-4 |oclc=47054677}}</ref> === By topic === ==== Religion ==== * [[Arnulf of Chocques]] is accused of sexual relations with a Muslim woman. He is briefly removed from his position as [[Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem|patriarch of Jerusalem]]. * [[Peter Abelard]], French [[Scholasticism|scholastic]] philosopher, becomes master of the cathedral school of [[Notre-Dame de Paris|Notre-Dame]] and meets [[Héloïse|Héloïse d'Argenteuil]]. * [[Clairvaux Abbey]] is founded by [[Bernard of Clairvaux|Bernard]], French [[abbot]] and a major leader in the reform of [[Benedictines|Benedictine]] [[monasticism]], in [[France in the Middle Ages|France]]. * [[Hugh of Saint Victor]], French theologian and writer, joins the [[School of Saint Victor|Victorines]] (at the [[Augustinians|Augustinian]] [[Abbey of Saint-Victor, Paris|Abbey of St. Victor]]) in [[Paris]].
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