Editing 1057 (section)

== Events ==
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===By place===

==== Byzantine Empire ====
* [[June 8]] &ndash; General [[Isaac I Komnenos|Isaac Komnenos]] proclaims himself emperor in [[Paphlagonia]] (modern [[Turkey]]), and starts a civil war against Emperor [[Michael VI Bringas|Michael VI]]. He advances with a Byzantine expeditionary force towards [[Constantinople]]. At the same time, Michael sends an army against the rebels – western regiments and eastern ones (those from the [[Anatolic Theme]] and [[Charsianon]]) – to stop him.<ref>John Julius Norwich (1991). ''Byzantium: The Apogee – Isaac Komnenos on the March'', p. 329. {{ISBN|0-394-53779-3}}.</ref>
* [[August 20]] &ndash; [[Battle of Petroe|Battle of Hades]]: Rebel forces under Isaac Komnenos defeat the Byzantines on the plains of Hades (near [[Nicaea]]). General [[Katakalon Kekaumenos]] routs the imperial right flank, and reaches the enemy's camp. He destroys the tents and supplies, which leaves the way open to Constantinople.
* [[September 1]] &ndash; A riot in favor of Isaac Komnenos breaks out in Constantinople. Patriarch [[Michael I Cerularius|Michael I]] convinces Michael VI to abdicate the throne, and Isaac is crowned as emperor of the [[Byzantine Empire]].

====Europe====
* [[August 15]] &ndash; [[Battle of Lumphanan]]: [[Macbeth, King of Scotland]] ("the Red King") is killed by [[Malcolm III of Scotland|Malcolm]] ("Canmore"). Macbeth is succeeded by his stepson [[Lulach]], who is crowned (probably on [[September 8]]) as king of [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]] at [[Scone, Perth and Kinross|Scone]].
* August &ndash; [[Battle of Varaville]]: Norman forces under [[William the Conqueror]] defeat a Franco-Angevin army at the mouth of the [[Dives (river)|Dives]]. King [[Henry I of France]] on campaign in [[Duchy of Normandy|Normandy]] is forced to retreat his army.<ref>Douglas, David C. (1964). ''William the Conqueror: The Norman Impact Upon England'', pp. 72–73. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.</ref>
* King [[Ferdinand I of León]] ("the Great") takes the cities of [[Lamego]] and [[Viseu]] (modern [[Portugal]]) from Christian lords allied to the Muslim [[Taifa of Silves]].<ref name="picard 2000 1057">{{cite book|last=Picard|first=Christophe|title=Le Portugal musulman (VIIIe-XIIIe siècle). L'Occident d'al-Andalus sous domination islamique|year=2000|publisher=Maisonneuve & Larose|location=Paris|isbn=2-7068-1398-9|page=109}}</ref>

==== Africa ====
* The [[Banu Hilal]] razes [[Kairouan]] (in modern [[Tunisia]]). The [[Zirid dynasty]] has to re-settle to [[Mahdia]] (approximate date).

==== Asia ====
* King [[Anawrahta]] captures [[Thaton]], the capital of the [[Thaton Kingdom]], strengthening [[Theravada Buddhism]] in [[Myanmar|Burma]].

=== By topic ===

==== Religion ====
* [[July 28]] &ndash; Pope [[Pope Victor II|Victor II]] dies after a 15-month [[pontificate]] at [[Arezzo]]. He is succeeded by [[Pope Stephen IX|Stephen IX]] as the 154th pope of the [[Catholic Church]].
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