Editing 1053 (section)

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Byzantine Empire ====
* End of the [[Pecheneg Revolt]]: Emperor [[Constantine IX Monomachos]] makes peace with the [[Pechenegs]]. However, Pecheneg raids do not cease; they not only damage the economy by plundering, but Constantine is also forced to buy protection or peace from them by gifts, land grants, privileges and titles.<ref>{{The Early Medieval Balkans|page=210}}</ref>

==== Europe ====
* [[June 18]] &ndash; [[Battle of Civitate]]: Norman horsemen (3,000 men), led by [[Humphrey of Hauteville]], count of [[County of Apulia and Calabria|Apulia and Calabria]], rout the combined forces under Pope [[Pope Leo IX|Leo IX]], in Southern [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|Italy]]. The Normans destroy the allied Papal army and capture Leo, who is imprisoned (as a [[hostage]] for 8 months) in [[Benevento]].
* [[December]] &ndash; [[Conrad I, Duke of Bavaria|Conrad I]], duke of [[Duchy of Bavaria|Bavaria]], is summoned to a Christmas court at [[Merseburg]], and deposed by Emperor [[Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry III]]. He flees to King [[Andrew I of Hungary|Andrew I]] in [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary]], and joins a coalition with the rebellious [[Welf, Duke of Carinthia|Welf III]], duke of [[Duchy of Carinthia|Carinthia]]. Henry's 4-year-old son [[Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry]] becomes the new duke of Bavaria.

==== England ====
* [[April]] &ndash; [[Harold Godwinson]] succeeds his father [[Godwin, Earl of Wessex|Godwin]] as earl of [[Wessex]]. He invites the exiled [[Edward the Exile]], son of [[Edmund Ironside|Edmund II]], to return in the hope that he can claim the English throne from King [[Edward the Confessor]].

=== By topic ===

==== Religion ====
* [[Jōchō]] sculpts [[Amitābha|Amida Buddha]] for the [[Byōdō-in]] Temple in Japan during the [[Heian period]] (approximate date).</onlyinclude>