Editing 1051 (section)

== Events ==
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=== By place ===

==== Continental Europe ====
* Spring &ndash; [[William the Conqueror|William of Normandy]] consolidates his power in [[Duchy of Normandy|Normandy]]. He fights over the control of [[Maine (province)|Maine]] (after the death of Count [[Hugh IV, Count of Maine|Hugh IV]]), and lays [[siege]] to the fortresses of [[Alençon]] and [[Domfront, Orne|Domfront]] (Western [[France]]). 
* [[May 19]] &ndash; King [[Henry I of France]] marries [[Anne of Kiev]] at the cathedral of [[Reims]]. William of Normandy marries [[Matilda of Flanders]], daughter of Count [[Baldwin V, count of Flanders|Baldwin V]], which Henry sees as a threat to his throne.<ref>Jim Bradbury, ''The Capetians: The History of a Dynasty'', pp. 106–108.</ref>
* Summer &ndash; [[Drogo of Hauteville]], count of [[County of Apulia and Calabria|Apulia and Calabria]], meets [[Pope Leo IX]] in southern [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|Italy]] – who has been sent by [[Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Henry III]] (the Black) to re-establish the "freedom of the [[Catholic Church]]". Drogo is forced to promise Pope Leo to stop the [[Normans]] from pillaging the Lombard countryside. On his way back (August 10), Drogo is assassinated near [[Bovino]] by a Byzantine conspiracy.
* Autumn &ndash; [[Battle of Vértes]]: [[Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor]] invades the [[Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)|Kingdom of Hungary]], and is utterly defeated by [[Andrew I of Hungary]].

==== England ====
* [[Eustace II, Count of Boulogne|Eustace II]], count of [[County of Boulogne|Boulogne]], visits [[Kingdom of England|England]] and is received with honour at the court by King [[Edward the Confessor]]. In [[Dover]] a fight breaks out between the Norman visitors and the locals, resulting in the deaths of several people. Edward blames the people of Dover and orders [[Godwin, Earl of Wessex|Godwin]], earl of [[Wessex]], to deal with them. Godwin refuses to obey Edward's order, and in response Edward raises an army and forces the [[House of Godwin|Godwin family]] into [[exile]].
* Edward the Confessor invites William of Normandy to England. It is at this point that it is thought that Edward promises the English throne to William in the event of his death.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The death of Edward the Confessor and the conflicting claims to the English Crown – History of government |url=https://history.blog.gov.uk/2016/01/05/the-death-of-edward-the-confessor-and-the-conflicting-claims-to-the-english-crown/ |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=history.blog.gov.uk |date=January 5, 2016 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Taxation in medieval England|Heregeld]], commonly known as [[Danegeld]], is abolished by Edward the Confessor. It has been collected for many years to provide funds for defending the country from [[Vikings|Viking]] raiders.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Peterson |first=Bruce |date=1962 |title=The Danegeld and Its Effect on the Development of Property Law |url=https://ideas.dickinsonlaw.psu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2307&context=dlra}}</ref>

=== By topic ===

==== Religion ====
* [[Hilarion of Kiev]] (or Ilarion) becomes the first non-Greek [[metropolitan bishop]] of the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]], in [[Kyiv]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hilarion of Kiev {{!}} Russian Orthodox metropolitan {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hilarion-of-Kiev |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |language=en}}</ref></onlyinclude>