Editing Ötzi (section)

==Discovery==
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Ötzi was found on 19 September 1991 by two German tourists, at an elevation of {{cvt|3210|m}} on the east ridge of the [[Fineilspitze]] in the [[Ötztal Alps]] on the Austrian–Italian border, near [[Similaun]] mountain and the Tisenjoch pass. When the tourists, Helmut and Erika Simon, first saw the body, they both believed that they had happened upon a recently deceased [[Mountaineering|mountaineer]].<ref>[http://www.iceman.it/en/node/233 Description of the Discovery] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213024011/http://www.iceman.it/en/node/233 |date=13 December 2011 }} at the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology web site</ref> The next day, a mountain [[Gendarmerie|gendarme]] and the keeper of the nearby Similaunhütte first attempted to remove the body, which was frozen in ice below the torso, using a pneumatic drill and ice axes, but bad weather forced them to give up. Within a short time, eight groups visited the site, among whom were mountaineers [[Hans Kammerlander]] and [[Reinhold Messner]].

The body was extracted on 22 September and salvaged the following day. It was transported to the office of the medical examiner in [[Innsbruck]], together with other objects found nearby. On 24 September, the find was examined there by [[archaeologist]] [[Konrad Spindler]] of the [[University of Innsbruck]]. He dated the find to be "at least four thousand years old" on the basis of the [[Typology (archaeology)|typology]] of an axe among the retrieved objects.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Fowler |first=Brenda |title=Iceman: Uncovering the Life and Times of a Prehistoric Man Found in an Alpine Glacier |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-226-25823-2 |page=37&nbsp;''ff''}}</ref><ref name="Iceman-2013">{{Cite web |date=2013 |title=The Incredible Age of the Find |url=http://www.iceman.it/en/oetzi-age |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150624085502/http://www.iceman.it/en/oetzi-age |archive-date=2015-06-24 |access-date=2015-08-03 |publisher=[[South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology]]}}</ref> Tissue samples from the corpse and other accompanying materials were later analyzed at several scientific institutions and their results unequivocally concluded that the remains belonged to someone who had lived between 3359 and 3105 BC, or some 5,000 years ago.<ref name="Iceman-2013" /> More specific estimates find that there was a 66% chance he died between 3239 and 3105 BC, a 33% chance he died between 3359 and 3294 BC, and a 1% chance he died between 3277 and 3268 BC.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bonani |first=Georges |last2=Ivy |first2=Susan D. |last3=Hajdas |first3=Irena |last4=Niklaus |first4=Thomas R. |last5=Suter |first5=Martin |date=1994 |title=Ams 14 C Age Determinations of Tissue, Bone and Grass Samples from the Ötztal Ice Man |journal=Radiocarbon |language=en |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=247–250 |bibcode=1994Radcb..36..247B |doi=10.1017/S0033822200040534 |issn=0033-8222 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

=== Border dispute ===
At the [[Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)|Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye of 1919]], the border between [[North Tyrol|North]] and [[South Tyrol]] was defined as the [[drainage divide|watershed]] of the rivers [[Inn (river)|Inn]] and [[Etsch]]. Near Tisenjoch, the glacier (which has since retreated) complicated establishing the watershed and the border was drawn too far north. Although Ötzi's find site drains to the Austrian side, land surveys in October 1991 ultimately proved that the body had been located {{cvt|92.56|m|yd|2}} inside Italian territory{{coord|46|46|45.8|N|10|50|25.1|E|display=text}}, which was in consonance with Italy's original 1919 ownership claim.<ref>[http://www.iceman.it/en/node/241 The Border Question] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008075754/http://www.iceman.it/en/node/241 |date=2011-10-08 }},</ref>
The province of South Tyrol claimed property rights but agreed to let Innsbruck University finish its scientific examinations. Since 1998, he has been on display at the [[South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology]] in [[Bolzano]], the capital of South Tyrol.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Brida |first=Juan Gabriel |last2=Meleddu |first2=Marta |last3=Pulina |first3=Manuela |name-list-style=and |date=2012-11-01 |title=Understanding Urban Tourism Attractiveness: The Case of the Archaeological Ötzi Museum in Bolzano |journal=Journal of Travel Research |volume=51 |issue=6 |pages=730–741 |doi=10.1177/0047287512437858 |issn=0047-2875 |s2cid=154672981}}</ref>