Editing Édouard Manet (section)

==Early life==
[[File:Manet par Fantin-Latour.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Manet's portrait painted by [[Henri Fantin-Latour]]]]
Édouard Manet was born in Paris on 23 January 1832, in the ancestral [[hôtel particulier]] (mansion) on the Rue des Petits Augustins (now [[Rue Bonaparte]]) to an affluent and well-connected family.{{sfn|Néret|2003|p=93}} He had two younger brothers, [[Eugène Manet|Eugène]] (born 1833) and Gustave (born 1835). His mother, Eugénie-Desirée Fournier, was the daughter of a diplomat and goddaughter of the Swedish crown prince [[Charles XIV John of Sweden|Charles Bernadotte]], from whom the Swedish monarchs are descended. His father, Auguste Manet, was a French judge who expected Édouard to pursue a career in law.<ref name="EB" /> His uncle, Edmond Fournier, encouraged him to pursue painting and took young Manet to the [[Louvre]].{{sfn|King|2006}} In 1844, he enrolled at secondary school, the [[Collège Rollin]], where he boarded until 1848.<ref name="EB">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edouard-Manet |title=Édouard Manet |last=Courthion |first=Pierre |author-link=Pierre Courthion |date= |website=Encyclopaedia Britannica |publisher= |access-date=8 July 2023 |quote= |archive-date=28 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230628153622/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edouard-Manet |url-status=live }}</ref> He showed little academic talent and was generally unhappy at the school.{{sfn|Meyers|2005|p=3}} In 1845, at the advice of his uncle, Manet enrolled in a special course of drawing where he met [[Antonin Proust]], future Minister of Fine Arts and his lifelong friend.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://emuseum.toledomuseum.org/objects/55067 |title=Antonin Proust |last= |first= |date= |website=[[Toledo Museum of Art]] |publisher= |access-date=8 July 2023 |archive-date=19 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419172147/http://emuseum.toledomuseum.org/objects/55067 |url-status=live }}</ref>

At his father's suggestion, in 1848 he sailed on a training vessel to [[Rio de Janeiro]]. After he twice failed the examination to join the [[French Navy|Navy]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/mane/hd_mane.htm |title=Édouard Manet |date=October 2004 |publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art |access-date=22 July 2013 |archive-date=17 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417233555/https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/mane/hd_mane.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> his father relented to his wishes to pursue an art education. From 1850 to 1856, Manet studied under the academic painter [[Thomas Couture]].<ref name="EB" /> Couture encouraged his students to paint contemporary life, though he would eventually be horrified by Manet's choice of lower-class and "degenerate" subjects such as ''[[The Absinthe Drinker (Manet)|The Absinthe Drinker]]''.{{sfn|Meyers|2005|p=9}} In his spare time, Manet copied [[Old Master]]s such as [[Diego Velázquez]] and [[Titian]] in the Louvre.<ref name="EB" />

From 1853 to 1856, Manet made brief visits to Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands, during which time he was influenced by the Dutch painter [[Frans Hals]]{{sfn|Brombert|1996|pp=309-311}} and the Spanish artists Velázquez and [[Francisco Goya|Francisco José de Goya]].{{sfn|Meyers|2005|p=11}}